Includes bibliographical references and index.

The 19th century's last five years -- Part I. The import of theoretical tools. An overview ; Conclusions based on principles ; Conclusions based on a premise ; Conclusions based on calculations ; Asking the right questions, accepting limited answers -- Part II. A national plan shaping the universe we perceive. A new order and the new universe it produced ; Where did the chemical elements arise? ; Landscapes ; The evolution of astrophysical theory after 1960 ; Turmoils of leadership ; Cascades and shocks that shape astrophysics ; Astrophysical discourse and persuasion -- Part III. The cost of discerning the true universe. Organization and functioning of the astronomical community ; Language and astrophysical stability ; An economically viable astronomical program.