Includes bibliographical references (pages 625-656) and index.

Introduction to decoherence and noise in open quantum system / Daniel A. Lidar and Todd A. Brun -- Introduction to quantum error correction / Dave Bacon -- Introduction to decoherence-free subspaces and noiseless subsystems / Daniel A. Lidar -- Introduction to quantum dynamical decoupling / Lorenza Viola -- Introduction to quantum fault tolerance / Panos Aliferis -- Operator quantum error correction / David Kribs and David Poulin -- Entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes / Todd A. Brun and Min-Hsiu Hsieh -- Continous-time quantum error correction / Ognyan Oreshkov -- Quantum convolutional codes / Mark Wilde -- Nonadditive quantum codes / Markus Grassl and Martin Rotteler -- Iterative quantum coding systems / David Poulin -- Algebraic quantum coding theory / Andreas Klappenecker -- Optimizing-based quantum error correction / Andrew Fletcher -- High-order dynamical decoupling / Zhen-Yu and Ren-Bao Liu -- Combinatorial approaches to dynamical decoupling / Martin Rotteler and Pawel Wocjan -- Holonomic quantum computation / Paolo Zanardi -- Fault tolerance for holonomic quantum computation / Ognyan Oreshkov, Todd A. Brun, and Daniel A. Lidar -- Fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum computing / Debbie Leung -- Topological codes / Hector Bombin -- Fault-tolerant topological cluster state quantum computing / Austin Fowler and Kovid Goyal -- Experimental quantum error correction / Dave Bacon -- Experimental dynamical decoupling / Lorenza Viola -- Architectures / Jacob Taylor -- Error correction in quantum communication / Marke Wilde -- Hamiltonian methods in quantum error correction and fault tolerance / Eduardo Novais, Eduardo R. Mucciolo, and Harold U. Baranger -- Critique of fault-tolerant quantum information processing / Robert Alicki.