Includes bibliographical references and index.

Number : counting, mathematics and measure. Conceptualising quantification before settlement : activities and issues underlying the conception and use of measurement / Iain Morley ; Measurement in navigation : conceiving distance and time in the Neolithic / Helen Farr ; The token system of the ancient Near East : it's role in counting, writing, the economy and cognition / Denise Schmandt-Besserat ; Grasping the concept of number : how did the sapient mind move beyond approximation? / Lambros Malafouris ; Numerical cognition and the development of 'zero' in Mesoamerica / John Justeson ; Recording measure(ment)s in the Inka khipu / Gary Urton -- Materialising the economy. Measuring by weight in the late Bronze Age Aegean : the people behind the measuring tools / Anna Michailidou ; The concept of weighing during the Bronze Age in the Aegean, the Near East and Europe / Lorenz Rahmstorf ; Measuring the Harappan world : insights into the Indus order and cosmology / J. Mark Kenoyer -- Dimension and belief. Architectural measurements in the Indus cities : the case study of Mohenjo-Daro / Michael Jansen ; Teotihuacan city layout as a cosmogram : preliminary results of the 2007 Measurement Unit Study / Saburo Sagiyama ; Aztec dimensions of holiness / John E. Clark ; Establishing direction in early Egyptian burials and monumental architecture : measurement and the spatial link with the 'other' / Kate Spence -- Calendar and cosmology. The measurement of time and distance in the heavens above Mesopotamia, with brief reference made to other ancient astral sciences / David Brown ; Evolution of the calendar in Shang China / Mark Edward Lewis ; The measure of time in Mesoamerica : from Teotihuacan to the Maya / Anthony F. Aveni ; Measuring time, sacred space, and social place in the Inca Empire / Charles Stanish ; Measuring time in the European Neolithic? The function and meaning of central European circular enclosures / Peter F. Biehl -- The spirituality of measure. The roots of spirituality and the limits of human mensuration / F. LeRon Shultz ; Worldview, meaasurement and 'the roots of spirituality' / Jeremy S. Bagbie.